OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between females taking poison and the timing of their menstrual cycle, and to explore its intervention measures. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 80 female patients who took poison and were admitted to our emergency department from March 2015 to December 2019 were reviewed. Generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) and patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression of the patients. According to the time of taking poison, the patients were divided into 4 phases: 7-10 days before menstruation, 1-3 days before menstruation, during menstruation, and after menstruation, in order to analyze the causes of taking poison by observing the factors of emotional changes in different phases of the menstrual cycle. RESULTS: The percentage of patients in the 1-3 days before menstruation and during menstruation (77.50%) was significantly more than that in the 7-10 days before menstruation and after menstruation (22.50%). The patients in the 1-3 days before menstruation and during menstruation had more family conflicts and marriage and love problems as compared with those in the 7-10 days before menstruation and after menstruation (p<0.05). The GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores of patients in the 1-3 days before menstruation and during menstruation were higher than those in the 7-10 days before menstruation and after menstruation (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The phenomenon of young women taking poison is closely related to the menstrual cycle, with 1-3 days before menstruation and during menstruation as high-risk times. It is necessary to strengthen health education and provide social support for women to prevent these suicidal behavior patterns. © Science Printers and Publishers, Inc.